Outlines the homeostatic and hedonic pathways that interact to regulate food consumption. Describes the neurobiology of overeating, altered brain structures and changes in chemical signaling that contribute to impaired food regulation. Outlines the evidence that supports the concept of food addiction, as well as the opposing view. Lists factors that contribute to overeating: genetics, epigenetics, hyperpalatable foods, gut dysbiosis, stress, maternal and early life factors, circadian disruptions, etc. Outlines potential approaches to control overeating: abstinence models, dietary modifications, cognitive therapies, neuromodulation, microbial manipulation and bariatric surgery. Describes how the information in this course can be utilized across the disciplines to improve patient care and outcomes. Describes, for this course, the implications for dentistry, mental health, nursing, pharmacy, occupational and physical therapy treatment goals, and other healthcare professions.

Describes the differences between the previous Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), and the current one (DSM-5) in terms of how autism, autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and related disorders are viewed and diagnosed. Identifies the physiological, familial, and psychological issues in the clinical diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. Identifies the issues of toxicity from heavy metal (mercury, lead) and other pathogenic factors in the development of autism spectrum disorder. Identifies medications used in management of various clinical resentations and comorbidities of autism spectrum disorder. Discusses appropriate nonpharmacological (general health, psychological, and behavioral) approaches to the treatment of autism spectrum disorder.

Describes the anatomy of the thyroid gland. Describes the complex thyroid gland physiology. Distinguishes between hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. Discusses thyroid nodules. Discusses thyroid cancer.